In the 1950s, the first generation of industrial continuous steel casting machines were put into production

The 1950s marked a decade of breakthrough progress in continuous steel casting. In 1950, the world's first vertical continuous casting machine for industrial production was put into operation at the Huligen plant of Mannesmann Company in Federal Germany. Subsequently, 15 (40 stream) industrial casting machines from different countries were put into operation one after another. China began continuous casting experiments in 1954, and in 1957, the central laboratory of Shanghai Iron and Steel Company first built an industrial scale vertical testing unit. In 1958, Professor Xu Baolong from Beijing Institute of Iron and Steel designed the first rectangular billet continuous casting machine for industrial production in China, which was built at Chongqing Iron and Steel Third Plant.

The influential new continuous casting technologies include:

In 1954, Halliday applied its "negative slip principle" to continuous casting, truly solving the problem of bonding between the billet shell and the mold wall. In the same year, copper plate combined mold and Cr plated copper tube mold also appeared;

In 1957, γ Ray sensors are used to automatically control the liquid level of the crystallizer;

In 1958, a sine wave vibration was first used on an 8-strand billet continuous casting mold in Italy;

In 1959, a Norwegian billet casting machine first used protective slag to protect the liquid level of the crystallizer. In the 1950s, stainless steel, silicon steel, high-speed steel rail steel, bearing steel, tool steel, boiling steel and other steel grades, as well as small section round steel and H-beam steel, have been trial cast;

In the decades before the 1950s, the world was exploring and experimenting with various solidification forms of continuous casting, such as roller and track type. It was not until the 1950s that copper crystallizers were established as solidification devices for continuous casting technology. Established the core position of vertical continuous casting machine and vertical bending continuous casting machine.

1960s: Great Development of Arc Mold Continuous Casting and Wide Plate Casting Machines

Due to the high height of vertical casting machines (including vertical bending casting machines) and the high investment cost of factory buildings, the emergence of curved continuous casting machines has solved this problem and greatly promoted the construction of continuous casting machines in existing steel mills.

In 1952, O. Schaaber was the first to propose a patent for arc-shaped crystallizers. Later, in 1956, E. Sch. et al. and in 1960, Professor Xu Baolong of China independently proposed or designed arc-shaped crystallizer continuous casting machines.

In 1963, the first curved crystallizer billet continuous casting machine designed by O. Schaaber and manufactured by the Federal German company Mannesmann was built and put into operation in Germany. Subsequently, nine (13 strand) billet and slab curved crystallizer continuous casting machines from three countries, including Switzerland and China, were successively built and put into operation. However, the first arc casting machine that was truly put into industrial three shifts continuous production was a 150mmx600mm continuous casting machine designed by O. Schaaber in Austria in 1964, and the second machine that was put into industrial production was a 180mmx1700mm arc slab casting machine at Chongqing Iron and Steel Third Plant.

The continuous casting technologies developed in the 1960s include:

In 1961, the bending technology with liquid core was used for wide slab continuous casting machines;

In 1964, Germany developed the technology of pouring a straight cylindrical submerged nozzle with protective slag on a casting machine

Later, continuous casting workers used the fused silica technology developed by the United States in aerospace for continuous casting, so as to create a submerged mouth with side holes, which can be used to cast wide slabs to solve the problem of longitudinal surface cracks.